Fåglar v-formation varför
Teorierna om varför fåglar flyger i V-formation är många men det finns lite fakta om frågan, anledning till det är bland annat att det är lite klurigt att studera fåglar som rör sig över stora ytor. I ett projekt att rädda en utrotningshotad fåge. A V formation is a symmetric V - or chevron -shaped flight formation.
Varför flyger fåglar i V-formation? En vetenskaplig förklaring.
In nature, it occurs among geese , swans , ducks , and other migratory birds , improving their energy efficiency , while in human aviation , it is used mostly in military aviation , air shows , and occasionally commercial aviation. Flying in the V formation likely improves energy efficiency. Usually, large birds fly in this formation since smaller birds create more complex wind currents that are hard for the back members to take advantage of.
The V formation possibly improves the efficiency of flying birds, particularly over long migratory routes. The birds are able to find the place where the uplift is the most desirable either by sight or by sensing the airflow by their feathers, scientists suspect. Previous studies found that birds can use less than 20 to 30 percent of energy. In a V formation, some birds prefer to fly at the left, some at the right, and some at the center.
Canada geese , ducks and swans commonly form a skein in V formation. Flying in V formation is not only about position but also about the timing of flapping. The birds behind will sync with the flapping pattern of the leading bird to follow the trail of upwash left by the bird at front. Through an experiment with ibises , researchers found that flying in V formation is a skill that they were not born with.
However, over time, they started learning how to fly in this formation as if they were self-taught or they learned by observing other ibises. The "V", or "Vic" formation is a basic flight formation for military aircraft in many air forces. The Vic formation is also common in ceremonial flyovers and airshow flights. Similar aerodynamics advantage was attempted to be utilized by engineers and research pilots. The airflow from wingtips of the aircraft can provide upward lift force for the planes behind, providing more efficient flight.
Such fuel reduction can also reduce the amount of pollution released into the environment. Air Mobility Command , which accounts for 20 percent of all avionic fuel usage by the United States federal government, is also experimenting with autopilot changes to find the best tradeoff between the reduced drag of 'vortex surfing' and the resulting 'ride qualities' of flying through another aircraft's wake. Since large aircraft at high speed generate immense vortices at their wings, two aircraft will fly approximately 1.
Thus, significant fuel can be saved without compromising passenger comfort. Test flights were done using two AS Écureuil helicopters , and the results showed that 5 percent to 10 percent of fuel can be reduced for the second aircraft per trip. This percentage per flight means several tons of jet fuel and carbon dioxide emissions. This list is not comprehensive as it does not cover all birds that fly in V formation.
Migrating birds real flight V-formation spatial configuration. Real Dataset from North German bird migration photo. Media related to V formations at Wikimedia Commons. Contents move to sidebar hide.
Fly like a bird: The V formation finally explained
Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Formation with units arranged in a chevron or "V" shape. This article is about the flight formation of birds. For the military aircraft formation, see Vic formation. Aerodynamics [ edit ]. Flight characteristics [ edit ]. Applications [ edit ]. Military flight [ edit ].
Main article: Vic formation. Commercial flight [ edit ]. Birds that fly in V formation [ edit ]. Past studies and findings [ edit ].